前天与朋友们相约聚餐,未曾料到遭遇了严重的交通堵塞,最终费尽周折还是在约定时间的前一刻勉强抵达,累得我浑身湿透,汗流浃背……
这种经历在日常生活中想必许多人也屡见不鲜,比如在地铁门即将关闭的最后一秒奋力挤上车啦、考试成绩刚好达到及格线啦等等,诸如此类勉强成功或惊险脱险的情况,在英语中有一个非常形象生动的习语来表达——”by the skin of your teeth”。
初次看到这个短语时,大家千万不要望文生义地直接理解为“牙齿上的皮肤”。众所周知牙齿的构造,但恐怕很少有人会想到牙齿上还附有皮肤这种说法吧!
意为勉强或险些逃脱困境。通常用来形容几乎未能发生的事情。 好不容易才躲过祸患。经常用来描述差一点就发生的不良后果。
na. 侥幸逃脱;好容易才;勉强;险胜;勉强通过;死里逃生
【例】My goodness, my vehicle wouldn’t start this morning—I barely arrived here by the skin of my teeth!
我的天哪,我的车今天早上无法启动——我千辛万苦才赶到这里!
【例】I studied very little, but passed the exam by the skin of my teeth.
我几乎没有复习,但侥幸通过了考试。
【例】I barely made it. Just as I settled into my seat, the film began.
我差一点错过了。我刚坐稳,电影就开演了。
接下来,就让我们一起聆听一个包含这个短语的对话,在提升听力水平的同时,可以更深入地理解这个看似“牙齿上的皮”的实际含义~
Li: Hi, I’m 杨莉, and welcome to Authentic Real English. I’m here today with Jen. 大家好,欢迎收听地道英语节目。今天我和珍一起录制。
Jennifer: Hi!
Li: 你怎么……看起来这么匆忙……? Are you alright? 你还好吗?
Jennifer: I overslept and had to sprint to the train station. There’s only one train per hour. I ran all the way there and made it by the skin of my teeth, just as the doors were shutting. Whew! Is there any coffee…?
Jennifer: 我睡过头了,不得不飞奔去火车站。每小时只有一趟火车。我一路跑到那里,就在门即将关闭时,才勉强赶到了。哇!有咖啡吗?
Li: 等一下…… 你说你的牙齿帮你赶上了火车?
Jennifer: Sorry? 什么?
Li: You said “I made it by the skin of my teeth” – “你牙齿的皮肤帮了忙”. 那我能看看你的牙齿吗! Can I see your teeth? When did they get skin?
Jennifer: There’s no skin on my teeth. That would be repulsive. Ew.
Jennifer: 我的牙齿上根本没有皮肤。那太令人作呕了。
Li: So what did you mean? 那你刚才到底想表达什么?
Jennifer: If you do something “by the skin of your teeth”, it means that you accomplished it by the narrowest margin – so you just managed to do it, or almost failed.
Jennifer: 如果你做某事“by the skin of your teeth”,意思是你做得非常勉强,所以你勉强完成了,或者差一点就失败了。
Li: 原来这是一个固定短语,意思是险些错过某事,几乎失败。这么说,如果你差一点误了火车那就可以说, You caught the train by the skin of your teeth.
Jennifer: That’s precisely correct. Let’s hear some more instances of the phrase in use:
Jennifer: 这完全正确。让我们来听一些这个短语的实际应用例句:
My brother is so fortunate – he never studies for exams but always passes by the skin of his teeth!
我弟弟真幸运,他考试从来不复习,但总是勉强及格。
Hi, I’m stuck in a traffic jam – I might still make it to the presentation, but it’ll be by the skin of my teeth.
嗨,我陷入交通堵塞了——我可能还能赶上演讲,但估计就是勉强赶到了。
Li: So when you just manage to accomplish something, you can say you did it by the skin of your teeth?
Li: 所以当你设法完成某件事的时候,你可以说你做得很勉强?
Jennifer: That’s exactly right. 完全正确。
Li: 这是一个很有创意的短语。 I like it.
Jennifer: It’s beneficial to be able to grasp English phrases like this.
Jennifer: 能理解这样的英语短语很有帮助。
Li: 你在说我的牙齿吗? What about my teeth?
Jennifer: It’s just another expression, silly. If you get your teeth into something, it means that you become fully engaged in it.
Jennifer: 这只是另一个表达方式,傻瓜。如果你对某事全力以赴,意思是你真的投入其中。
Li: Well in that case, I do enjoy getting my teeth into a new phrase (在这种情况下,我喜欢把我的牙齿变成一个新的短语) – 深入研究就是钻研新短语。等等我想起来,糟糕。Oh no! 我刚想起来我今天中午十二点有牙医预约 – but look, it’s ten to twelve now, I’ll never make it! (可是你看,现在差十分十二点,我赶不去了!)
Jennifer: You go, I’ll wrap up the program – if you hurry you might arrive, but by the skin of your teeth!
Jennifer: 你先走吧,我来结束节目——如果你赶紧行动的话,你可能会到达,但就差那么一点点!
Li: Thanks Jen – bye…
Jennifer: Bye!
n. 边缘;差距;余地;界限;保险;边距;外边距;页边空白; 白边; (获胜者在时间或票数上领先的)优势,差距,差数; 余地; 备用的时间(或空间、金钱等)
v. 给…镶边;在…加注;【股】为…支付保险金
n. 修订;修改;复习;温习;版本;修正;版次
设法完成某事;设法做成困难的事情;努力做好
To begin doing or become involved in something with one’s utmost energy, determination, or enthusiasm. 以最大的精力、决心或热情开始做某事或参与某事。
全身心投入
【例】I’m always seeking a compelling book to get my teeth into.
我总是在寻找一本能让我倾注全部精力的好书。
【例】I’d like you to get my teeth into this new initiative I’m working on.
我希望你能全身心投入我正在推进的这个新计划。