【新增词汇与表达】 生词和短语学习
★welcome n. 欢迎作为名词；v. 欢迎作为动词
a cold welcome 冷淡的接待
welcome to + 地点 表示欢迎来到某个地方
welcome to China 欢迎来到中国
welcome to my home 欢迎来到我的家/welcome home 欢迎回家/welcome back 欢迎再次回来
You are welcome./welcome adj. 表示不用谢/受欢迎的
You are welcome to + 地点 表示欢迎您去某个地方
★crowd n. 人群
person 个体；people 集体
crowd :in the crowd 表示在人群中
I spotted him in the crowd 一眼就看到了他
a crowd of people 指无序的人群，拥挤的场面
a group of people 指有组织的人群
crowd v. 拥挤，填满
a large crowd of people 一大群人／crowds of people 许多人，人山人海
★gather v. 聚集
people gathered 人们聚集在一起，尤其是自发形成的聚集
★hand n. （钟表或机器的）指针
hand n. 手
minute hand/second hand/hour hand 分钟针/秒针/时针
second hand 二手货，旧物
wait me a moment/wait me a few seconds(for a few secs.) 等我一会儿（几秒钟）
secs.:seconds的缩写形式
★shout v. 喊叫
call out 大声呼喊
cry out 大声哭叫
scream 尖声喊叫
★refuse v. 拒绝
★laugh v. 笑
首先聆听录音，然后回答以下问题。
“a cold welcome”具体指的是什么含义？
星期三的晚上，我们前往了市政厅。那是一年的最后一天，成千上万的人们聚集在市政厅的大钟下方。再过二十分钟，大钟将敲响十二下。十五分钟后，就在十一点五十五分时，大钟突然停了下来。巨大的分针纹丝不动。我们焦急地等待着，但始终没有动静。突然有人高喊道：“已经十二点零两分了！钟表停了！”我看了看自己的手表，果然如此。这座大钟不愿意迎接新年的到来。就在这时，所有人都笑了起来，并开始歌唱。
参考译文
星期三的晚上，我们来到了市政厅。 那是一年中的最后一天，无数人群聚集在市政厅的大钟下面。再过20分钟，大钟将敲响新年的钟声。15分钟过去了，而就在11点55分时，大钟意外地停了。那根巨大的分针完全静止了。 我们焦灼地等待啊等待，但情况没有任何变化。突然有人喊道：“已经12点零2分了！那钟已经停了！”我看了一下我的手表，果真如此。那座大钟不愿意迎接新年。此时，大家已经笑了起来，同时唱起了歌。
【课文解析】
A cold welcome 冷遇
cold 冷淡的，寒冷的，冷淡的
cold fish 冷漠的人
lucky dog 幸运的人
My brother is a cold fish.
What does “a cold welcome” refer to ?
refer to 指……
On Wednesday evening
in the evening
wednesday修饰evening
Town Hall 市政厅
the last day of the year 一年中的最后一天
a large crowd of the peopley一大群人
had gathered 强调事件的时间是过去的过去
It指clock
strike v.strike the clock敲钟/clock strike钟自己响
knock at the door
Listen,the clock is striking.
strike twelve 数字表示敲击的次数
in twenty minutes’ time 20分钟之后
in 表示在段时间以后
根据时态判别in 表示的含义
would strike过去将来时，从过去看未来
We will finish class in half an hour.
minutes’名词所有格
It will leave in…minutes’time
in twenty(minutes’time)名词所有格可省略
my mother’s ,Kit’s,Tom’s
名词所有格可以用来表达时间
an hour’s time
名词以-s结尾或者本身是以-s结尾的复数名词，所有格加 ’
名词所有格表示时间或距离
How far is the school from here?
3 minutes’ walk.
pass 过了
to 没到
…minutes pass…前半小时
25 minutes passed eight
…minutes to …后半小时
a quarter to nine/15 minutes to nine
时刻指点时间，时间指段时间
时刻前的介词用at
at five to twelve作时间状语
一般过去时the clock stopped
顺序句式…,the clock stopped at five to twelve.
An hour passed and then,he arrived.
…minutes later几分钟以后
some time passed and then,sth happened.
big minute hand 大分针
waited and waited 等啊等啊，强调动作的重复
walked and walked ,run and run
but 然而，表转折
nothing happened
happen vi.事情做主语，事情发生
what happened?
someone shouted 有人大声喊
It’s two minutes past twelve!
I go to school at seven o’clock.时间状语
It’s nine o’clock;现在9点了
The clock has stopped!现在完成时，强调过去动作导致的结果。
I have had my breakfast.我已经吃过早餐了
I have…
I read a book…
I looked at my watch.
It was true…这是一个事实
It was true that+从句
refuse to do sth.拒绝去做某事
I refuse to leave.我拒绝离开
I refuse to move.我拒绝移动
at that moment :just then就在那时
at the moment: now 现在，此刻，在此时
过去时 began to laugh and sing.
〖本科重点〗
1…minutes passed and then,sth.happened.
2.What happened? Nothing happened.
3.It was ture.
【Key structures】
When did you arrived?
I arrived at ten o’clock.
at/in/on/others
when…?
in the morning;in the afternoon;in the evening
on Friday;on 15th; on Wednesday evening;on fine afternoon 有修饰词用on
in a week;in January;in Feb.
in summer;in spring; in autumn;in winter
in 1992;in 1999
at night;at noon;at five to twelve;at ten o’clock
until 直到……时候
I can’t enter for the sports meeting until tomorrow.
from..to…
Everyday we have English class from 8:30 to 11:30
during 在……期间
in the holiday:强调这段时间其中某一点时间，并不表示自始自终
during the holiday 强调假期的从头到尾
He enjoyed himself during his holiday.
I was caught in an accident in the holiday
Exercises B
1.in; 2.on; 3.in没有强调自始自终 4.in
5.at(at the moment=now) 6.on;in 7.in; 8.at;in 9.until
【Special Difficulties】
not…any and no…
any 用于否定句和疑问句中，some用于肯定句
Do you have any friends?
I don’t have any friends.
not 用在非实义动词后面，实义动词前面．
not any=no adj.用在名词前面
I have no friends.
Exercise B
He hasn’t any hobbies. —->He has no hobbies.
He does not go anywhere.—>He goes nowhere
He does not see anybody.—>He sees nobody.
He is not interested in anything–except food!—->He is interested in
nothing –execpt food
【Mulitiple choice questions】
4.A
people:人们，做主语是一定是复数
police，cattle是复数
8.D
敲门用knock
敲钟用strike
hit轻和strike重(hit hard)在一定的时候可以互换 打一下
beat 连续不断的打 beat drums
12.
deny:否认 拒绝去承认，后面一般加名词
refuse:拒绝