Unit2 我将帮助清理城市公园。词汇详解
1. clean up
clean up意为“打扫整理”，其中up作为副词使用，该短语属于动词副词型结构。当宾语为代词时，应放置在短语的核心动词与副词之间；当宾语为名词时，可以放置在动词与副词之间，也可以放置在两个词的后面。例如：
Please clean up this street immediately.
请立刻打扫这条街道。
This street is quite dirty. Please clean it up.
这条街道非常脏，请把它打扫干净。
2. cheer up
cheer up意为“变得快乐，振奋精神”，是由动词与副词构成的短语。cheer up既可以作为及物动词短语使用，也可以作为不及物动词短语。例如：
He cheered up right away after I agreed to assist him. 我同意帮助他后，他立刻高兴起来。
Cheer up! The news isn’t too terrible.
振作起来！这个消息还不算太坏。
He took her to the cinema to cheer her up. 为了让她开心，他带她去了电影院。
【拓展】
(1) cheer作为不及物动词，表示“欢呼；喝彩”。例如：
The girls cheered loudly when the famous singer arrived. 当这位著名的歌手到达时，女孩子们大声欢呼。
(2) cheer作为及物动词，表示“为……欢呼，高声喝彩”。例如：
The entire village came out to cheer for the hero. 全村人都出来为那位英雄欢呼。
(3) cheer作为可数名词，表示“欢呼声；喝彩声”。例如：
We can hear the cheers of students outside the gymnasium. 我们在体育馆外就能听到学生的欢呼声。
(4) cheer on意为“为……加油”。例如：
We will have a basketball game this afternoon. Would you like to come and cheer us on?
我们今天下午有一场篮球比赛，你愿意来为我们加油吗？
3. give out
give out意为“分发；散发”，与hand out意思相近，是动词与副词构成的短语动词。例如：
Can you give the drinks out, please?
请你分发一下饮料好吗？
【拓展】give out的不同含义：
(1) give out表示“发出（光、热、声音、气味等）。”例如：
The sun gives out light and heat to the earth. 太阳向地球发出光和热。
(2) give out表示“用尽；耗尽”。例如：
Our food supplies began to give out.
我们储存的食物开始用完了。
4. put off
put off意为“推迟”，是动词与副词构成的短语动词，其后可以跟名词、代词或动名词作为宾语。例如：
They put off the match due to the heavy rain. 因为大雨，他们推迟了比赛。
Please don’t put off doing your homework. 请你们不要拖延做作业。
Never put off till tomorrow what you can do today. 今天能做的事不要拖到明天。
【拓展】由put构成的常用短语有：
put away将……收起来
put on穿上；上演
put down放下，记下
put out熄灭；伸出
put back放回原处
put up张贴；搭建
5. notice
notice在课文中作为可数名词，意为“公告牌；布告”。例如：
There is a notice on the wall, stating “No Parking”. 墙上的告示牌上写着“禁止停车”。
I’ll put up a notice about the meeting.
我将会贴一张关于会议的通告。
【拓展】
(1) notice作为不可数名词，意为“注意”。例如：
Take notice of what they say. 注意听他们说什么。
(2) notice作为动词，意为“注意到，留心，看到”。例如：
Did you notice Jack come in? 你注意到杰克进来了吗？
Did you notice his hand shaking? 你注意到他的手在颤抖吗？
6. lonely
lonely表示“寂寞的，孤寂的”，带有较强的情感色彩，可以用作表语或定语；表示“荒凉的，偏僻的”，用来说明地点，多用作定语。
When his wife died, he was very lonely.
太太去世后他非常孤独。
The old man lived in the lonely mountain village. 那个老人住在偏僻的山村。
【拓展】lonely与alone的辨析：
lonely作形容词，意为“（人）孤单的，寂寞的”，它更强调一种主观的感觉；alone作形容词和副词，意为“独自的（地），单独的（地）”，它更强调一种客观情况。alone作形容词，在句中只用作表语。例如：
Don’t leave me alone. I will feel lonely.
别留下我一个人，我会感到孤单的。
7. raise
raise是及物动词，意为“筹集”。常用短语：raise sth. for sb./ sth.意为“为某人/物 而筹集……”。例如：
We raise money for Hope Project.
我们为希望工程筹集资金。
【拓展】
(1) raise作及物动词，意为“提升，举起，升起”。例如：
raise one’s hand举手
raise one’s glasses to sb. 举杯祝福某人
raise prices涨价
(2) raise作及物动词，还可意为“种植；饲养；培养；抚养”。例如：
Their family raised much corn.
他们家种植了很多玉米。
8. repair
repair是及物动词，意为“修理；修补；修缮（房屋等）”。例如：
He repairs old furniture. 他修理旧家具。
9. imagine
imagine是动词，意为“想象，推测”，后面可以接名词、代词、宾语从句、复合宾语，常用于结构：imagine doing sth. 想象做某事。例如：
We can’t imagine what China will be like in the future. 我们无法想象将来中国是什么样子。
I can’t imagine leaving all my friends.
我无法想象离开所有的朋友。
No one can imagine what would happen next. 没有人能想象接下来会发生什么。
练一练：
I. 英汉互译。
1. 打扫干净________
2. cheer up_______
3. used to do sth. _____
4. make a difference ______
5. come up with ____ ___
6. 用光，用完________
7. put off_______
9. give up __________
10. 张贴_______
II. 根据句意及首字母和汉语提示写出所缺单词。
1. The old man lived a_______ after his wife died. He felt very lonely.
2. My younger sister looks very sad. Let’s go and c_______ her up.
3. My uncle has a large house and he is the o_______ of the house.
4. They held a concert to r_______ money for Project Hope.
5. She wants to he a _______(志愿者).
6. There are ______(几个) girls in the room. They are talking about the vacation plans.
7. They have a strong feeling of _______(满足).
8. — My alarm clock doesn’t work. Who can help me r_______ it?
— You can ask Tony for help.
9. Please o_______ the window and let the fresh air in.
10. I can’t ______(想象) what the future life is like.
III. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. Staying with animals often gives me a ______(feel) of fear.
2. Tom is the ______(own) of the car. He has had it for two months.
3. He smiled in ______(satisfied) when he won the game.
4. The players are in ______(train) for the next flight.
5. Everybody felt _____(excite) when they heard of the good news.
6. She had _____(difficult) finding the way to the museum.
7. Everybody should try to help the ______(disable).
8. I will never forget your _____(kind).
参考答案
I. 英汉互译。
1. clean up
2. 变得高兴；振奋起来
3. 过去常常做某事
4. 影响；有作用
5. 想出
6. run out of
7. 推迟
8. help sb. (to) do sth.
9. 放弃
10. put up
II. 根据句意及首字母和汉语提示写出所缺单词。
1. alone
2. cheer
3. owner
4. raise
5. volunteer
6. several
7. satisfaction
8. repair
9. open 10. imagine
III. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. feeling 2. owner 3. satisfaction
4. training 5. excited
6. difficulty 7. disabled 8. kindness