Module 38: The Joy of Hobbies
模块三十八：爱好的乐趣
1What kinds of hobbies can spring to your mind?你能想到哪些种类的爱好?
2Which new hobby do you find delightful and why?你喜欢哪一项新兴的爱好，理由是什么？
3″A joyful child possesses a hobby.”
“每个快乐的孩子都拥有爱好。”
That’s a time-honored adage, and it holds truth.
这是一句历经时间考验的谚语，而且说的是实情。
3.1a time-honored adage一句备受推崇的谚语。
3.2adage名词，被广泛接受并世代相传的谚语或格言。
4 A hobby offers not just amusement but also practical benefits.一项爱好不仅带来快乐，而且具有实际益处。
4.1not just…but also…不仅……而且……
①When connecting two subjects, the verb agrees with the subject closer to it. Not only the scholars but also the students were invited. 不仅学者们，而且学生们也受到了邀请。
②When not only is placed at the beginning of a clause, inversion is required. Not only does the sun shine brightly but it also warms the earth. 不仅太阳光芒四射，而且它也温暖了地球。
③not only and but also can be used together; also can be omitted, or but also can be removed entirely. She not only composed the music but also conducted the orchestra. 她不仅创作了音乐，而且还指挥了乐队。
She’s not only a distinguished actress but she’s also a gifted comedian. 她不仅是一位杰出的女演员，而且还是一位才华横溢的喜剧演员。
Justice must not only be served but also be witnessed. 正义不仅要被伸张，而且要被见证。
5 A hobby can bolster your self-assurance and enrich your life.一项爱好可以增强你的自信心，使你的生活更加充实。
5.1self-assurance不可数名词，自信心，自信心。
5.2bolster one’s self-assurance增强某人的自信心。
have self-assurance in…对……有自信心;信任……
lose self-assurance in…对……失去自信心
5.3help(to) do sth.帮助干某事。
5.4enrich one’s life丰富某人的生活。
5.5enriching形容词，使人充实的;使人受益的;使人愉快的。
6It can facilitate your social connections and teach you to collaborate effectively with others.它可以帮助你建立社会联系，教你与他人高效合作。
6.1facilitate sb.’s social connections促进某人的社会联系。
6.2make social connections建立社会联系。
6.3teach sb. to collaborate教某人如何合作。
6.4collaborate effectively with sb.与某人有效合作。
7There exist numerous varieties of hobbies.爱好的种类多种多样。
8Many individuals derive pleasure from collecting items such as stamps, model cars, and postcards.许多人喜欢收集邮票、玩具汽车和明信片等物品。
8.1items such as例如。
9Alternative hobbies encompass outdoor pursuits.其它的爱好包括户外运动。
9.1outdoor①形容词，户外的;野外的;露天的。其反义词为indoor，室内的;在户内进行的。注意:作为形容词时，只能作定语，不能作表语，也没有比较级和最高级。②副词，在户外;在野外。③名词，野外;旷野;郊外。
9.2pursuits名词，意为“追求;爱好;活动”。作“活动;追求”时是可数名词。
10A significant number of individuals take delight in gardening, traveling, skiing, and other related activities.很多人喜欢园艺、旅行、滑雪以及其它类似的运动。
10.1take delight in doing sth.乐于干某事。
10.2related形容词，相关的，关联的。
11Competitive games also enjoy widespread popularity.
竞技游戏也深受欢迎。
11.1game可数名词，游戏。
12Some individuals prefer to engage in card games or chess.一些人喜欢玩纸牌或国际象棋。
12.1engage in card games参与纸牌游戏
12.2engage in chess参与国际象棋。
13Alternative individuals show keen interest in the arts.其他人对艺术表现出浓厚的兴趣。
13.1sb. be interested in (doing) sth.某人对某(干)事感兴趣。
13.2arts可数名词，艺术。
14They find joy in drawing, dancing, acting, and singing.他们喜欢绘画、舞蹈、表演和歌唱。
15People typically cultivate their initial hobby during their childhood, yet hobbies are enjoyable for individuals of all ages.人们通常在童年时期培养他们的第一个爱好，然而爱好对各个年龄段的人来说都是有趣的。
15.1cultivate one’s initial hobby培养某人的第一个爱好。
15.2for individuals of all ages对所有年龄段的人。
16It’s never too late to acquire new knowledge.学习新知识永远不会太晚。
16.1too…to 的意思是“太……而不能”，never 的意思是“永不”，never too…to 的意思是“不会太……以至于……”，其在句子中的结构通常是never too+形容词+to do sth.。
It’s never too late to improve your dietary habits.任何时候改善饮食习惯都为时不晚。16.2当“too. …to ”结构之前加了not，only,but,all,never 等词时，“too…to ”结构构成的句子就没否定意义了。此时too 后的形容词多为表示心情的形容词。因为，在此情况下，这些词加too 在意义上相当于在意义上相当于 very。
One is never too old to learn.活到老，学到老。
Swimming is not too difficult to master.游泳并不十分难掌握。
We are only too eager to accompany her.我们非常乐意陪她去。
Mary knew all too well how to keep her tongue shut on that occasion.
玛丽深知在那种场合少说为妙。
It’s never too late to make amends.亡羊补牢，犹未为晚。
They are far too content to follow others’ suit without the agony of thought for themselves.
他们十分满足于依样画葫芦，自己不肯花力气、动脑筋。
17There exist numerous proverbs concerning hobbies:关于爱好的谚语有很多：
①”All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.”只工作不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。
17.1a dull boy一个笨孩子。
17.2dull形容词，迟钝的;无聊的;枯燥无味的;令人生厌的。
②”Happy is the man who is devoted to his hobby.”醉心于某种爱好的人是幸福的。
17.2这句话是【倒装结构】,将【形容词】提前,放于句首,句子要倒装,强调【happy】,句子主语仍然是【The man】.【正常语序】：The man who is devoted to his hobby is happy.其中who引导的是定语从句修饰man。
③If you have leisure time after work for your hobby, you are fortunate. But if work itself is a hobby for you, you are the most fortunate.
如果下班后有时间做你的爱好，你是幸运的。但是如果工作本身就是一种爱好，你是最幸运的。
④Are there any analogous sayings in Chinese that you are aware of?你知道汉语中类似的谚语吗？
17.3analogous的用法和短语:
①analogous adj.相似的、类同的
They have analogous viewpoints.
他们的观点相似。
The twins appear quite analogous.
这对双胞胎看起来非常相似。
My closest friend and I have analogous interests in art.我和我最好的朋友在艺术方面有相似的兴趣。
He said something analogous.
他说了些相似的话。
②be analogous to sb./sth.与某人/某物相似、类比
Her teaching methods are analogous to mine.她的教学方法与我的相似。
My design is analogous to his.
我的设计与他的相似。
③be analogous in…在….方面相似
The two dogs are analogous in appearance.
这两条狗在外观上相似。
The two dresses are analogous in style.这两条裙子在风格上相似。