
探索英语语法之谜:现在分词作状语的奥秘
在英语学习的道路上,我们常常会遇到各种语法难题,其中之一就是各种词性的特殊用法。今天,就让我们一起攻克一个关键的语法点——现在分词作状语。别担心,这篇文章会带你轻松掌握这个语法点!
一、现在分词作状语概述
现在分词表示的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生或紧接着发生。常用的一般式为doing。当强调分词动作先于谓语动词的动作时,则用完成式having done。
二、现在分词作时间状语
现在分词作时间状语时,相当于when/ after等引导的时间状语从句。例如:
1. The pilot, flying over the Alps, saw what he thought to be a UFO.(飞越阿尔卑斯山时,那个飞行员看见了一个他认为是飞碟的东西。)
2. Hearing the exciting news, the boy jumped for joy.(听到这条令人激动的消息,那个小男孩高兴地跳了起来。)
三、现在分词作原因状语
现在分词作原因状语时,一般置于句首,相当于as, since, because引导的原因状语从句。例如:
1. Living far from my company, I have to get up early every morning.(由于住得离公司太远,我只好每天早晨早起。)
2. Having smoked too much, he suffered from lung cancer.(由于抽烟太多,他患了肺癌。)
3. Not having tried his best, he failed the exam.(由于没有尽最大努力,他这次考试没能通过。)
四、现在分词作结果状语
现在分词作结果状语时,相当于so that引导的结果状语从句。例如:
1. The fire lasted nearly a month, leaving nothing valuable.(大火持续了近一个月,没剩下一点儿值钱的东西。)
2. The famous writer died, leaving the novel unfinished.(那位著名作家去世了,留下了这部没有完成的小说。)
3. A small plane crashed into a hillside five miles east of the city, killing all four people on board.(一架小飞机坠落在这座城市东部五英里处的山坡上,机上四人全部。)
五、现在分词作伴随或方式状语
现在分词作伴随或方式状语时,虽然不能直接用状语从句替换,但可以将其改为并列谓语。例如:
1. Throwing their hats into the air, the fans let out loud shouts of victory.(把帽子扔向空中,获胜队的支持者们发出胜利的呼喊声。)
2. Talking and laughing, the children walked one by one into the classroom.(孩子们有说有笑、一个接一个地进了教室。)
3. “Genius” is a complicated concept, including many different factors.(“天才”是很复杂的概念,涉及许多不同的因素。)
六、现在分词作条件状语与让步状语
1. Going straight down the road, you will find the department store.(顺着这条路一直走,你就会发现那家百货商店。)
2. Admitting what she has said, I still think that she has not tried her best.(虽然我认可了她所说的话,但我仍然认为她没有尽最大努力。)
现在分词作状语在英语语法中是一个重要且实用的知识点。希望这篇文章能帮助你更好地掌握这一语法点,并在英语学习中取得更大的进步!记住:To save time is to lengthen life. (节约时间就是延长生命。)
